The Kandy Esala Perahera Festival

Introduction

Esala Perahera, also known as the Festival of the Tooth, is one of the most grandiose and historically significant festivals in Sri Lanka. Held annually in the city of Kandy, this spectacular event is a blend of traditional pageantry, religious devotion, and cultural pride. Drawing thousands of tourists and locals alike, Esala Perahera offers a unique glimpse into the island’s rich heritage.

History of Esala Perahera

The origins of Esala Perahera can be traced back to ancient Sri Lankan traditions and religious practices. The festival is believed to have begun in the 3rd century BC, during the reign of King Kithsirimewan. It was initially celebrated to honor the arrival of the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha in Sri Lanka. This relic, believed to have been smuggled into the island from India, became a symbol of sovereignty and was regarded as the most important religious artifact in Sri Lanka.

The Significance of the Sacred Tooth Relic

The Sacred Tooth Relic is housed in the Temple of the Tooth, or Sri Dalada Maligawa, in Kandy. The relic is revered not only as a sacred object but also as a symbol of the nation’s sovereignty. The belief that whoever holds the relic holds the governance of the country adds a deep political and cultural significance to the festival.

The Structure of the Festival

Esala Perahera is traditionally held in the month of Esala (July or August) and lasts for ten days. The festival consists of several processions, each representing different deities and aspects of Sri Lankan culture.

The Kumbal Perahera

The Kumbal Perahera marks the beginning of the festivities. It is relatively modest compared to the grander processions that follow, but it sets the stage for the main event. During the Kumbal Perahera, a replica of the Sacred Tooth Relic is paraded through the streets, accompanied by traditional drummers and dancers.

The Randoli Perahera

The Randoli Perahera is the highlight of the festival and takes place during the last five nights. This grand procession features elaborately decorated elephants, traditional dancers, fire-eaters, and musicians. The relic casket, carried on the back of the chief elephant, or Maligawa Tusker, is the focal point of the procession.

The Maha Perahera

The final night of the festival is marked by the Maha Perahera, the grandest of all processions. This event is a culmination of all the previous processions, showcasing the full splendor of Sri Lankan culture and religious devotion.

Key Elements of the Processions

The Elephants

Elephants play a crucial role in Esala Perahera. The lead elephant, known as the Maligawa Tusker, carries the golden casket containing the replica of the Sacred Tooth Relic. These majestic animals are adorned with lavish garments and lights, making them a breathtaking sight.

The Dancers and Drummers

Traditional Kandyan dancers and drummers add a vibrant and rhythmic element to the processions. Their performances, characterized by intricate movements and rhythmic beats, are a testament to the island’s rich cultural heritage.

The Fire Performers

Fire performers, including fire-eaters and acrobats, add an element of excitement and danger to the processions. Their daring acts captivate the audience and add to the overall spectacle.

Cultural and Religious Significance

A Symbol of Unity

Esala Perahera is not just a religious festival but also a symbol of unity for the Sri Lankan people. It brings together individuals from different ethnic and religious backgrounds, fostering a sense of national pride and cultural identity.

Religious Devotion

For many Sri Lankans, participating in or witnessing the Esala Perahera is an act of religious devotion. The festival is an opportunity to pay homage to the Sacred Tooth Relic and seek blessings for the year ahead.

Preparing for the Festival

Planning Your Visit

If you are planning to attend Esala Perahera, it is advisable to book your accommodation well in advance. Kandy sees a significant influx of tourists during this time, and finding a place to stay can be challenging.

Choosing the Best Viewing Spots

To get the best view of the processions, it is recommended to arrive early and secure a spot along the main procession route. Some popular viewing spots include the Dalada Maligawa, the Queen’s Hotel, and the Kandy Lake.

What to Wear

Esala Perahera is a religious event, and visitors are expected to dress modestly. Light, comfortable clothing is recommended, along with hats and sunscreen to protect against the sun.

Experiencing Esala Perahera

The Procession Route

The processions of Esala Perahera follow a specific route through the streets of Kandy. Starting from the Temple of the Tooth, the route winds its way through the city, passing several key landmarks.

The Soundscape

One of the most striking aspects of Esala Perahera is the soundscape. The rhythmic beats of the drums, the melodic tunes of traditional instruments, and the chants of the devotees create an immersive auditory experience.

The Visual Spectacle

The visual spectacle of Esala Perahera is unparalleled. The sight of the elaborately decorated elephants, the colorful costumes of the dancers, and the flickering flames of the fire performers create a mesmerizing scene.

Photography Tips

Capturing the Essence

To capture the essence of Esala Perahera, focus on the key elements such as the elephants, dancers, and fire performers. Close-up shots of the intricate costumes and decorations can also add depth to your photographs.

Low Light Photography

Since most of the processions take place at night, mastering low light photography is essential. Using a tripod and a fast lens can help you capture sharp images in low light conditions.

Respecting the Participants

While it is tempting to get close for the perfect shot, always remember to respect the participants and the sanctity of the event. Avoid using flash photography, as it can be disruptive.

Other Attractions in Kandy

The Temple of the Tooth

No visit to Kandy during Esala Perahera is complete without a visit to the Temple of the Tooth. This sacred site, which houses the Sacred Tooth Relic, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a must-visit for anyone interested in Sri Lankan culture and history.

Kandy Lake

Kandy Lake, located in the heart of the city, offers a tranquil escape from the bustling festival crowds. A leisurely stroll around the lake is a great way to unwind and take in the beauty of Kandy.

Peradeniya Botanical Gardens

The Peradeniya Botanical Gardens, located just outside Kandy, are a haven of biodiversity. Featuring an extensive collection of plants and flowers, the gardens are a perfect place for nature lovers to explore.

Conclusion

Esala Perahera is more than just a festival; it is a celebration of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and religious devotion. The vibrant processions, the rhythmic beats of the drums, and the sight of the elaborately decorated elephants create an unforgettable experience. Whether you are a first-time visitor or a seasoned traveler, attending Esala Perahera is an opportunity to witness the cultural heart of Sri Lanka in all its glory.